Which side effect is commonly associated with ACE inhibitors?

A persistent dry cough is a well-documented side effect of ACE inhibitors, which are commonly prescribed for the management of hypertension and certain heart conditions. This side effect occurs due to the accumulation of bradykinin, a peptide that is not broken down as efficiently when angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is inhibited. While bradykinin has various effects on the body, one of its notable side effects, particularly in susceptible individuals, is irritation of the respiratory tract, resulting in a dry cough.

The occurrence of this cough can be significant enough that some patients must discontinue their ACE inhibitor therapy and switch to an alternative medication, like an Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), which does not share this particular side effect profile. The cough can be bothersome and persistent, often leading to a decrease in the quality of life for those affected; thus, it is essential for healthcare providers to be aware of this potential reaction when prescribing these medications.

In contrast, other side effects listed, such as weight gain, increased heart rate, or nausea, are not commonly associated with ACE inhibitors. Management strategies and patient monitoring can help address the side effects of hypertension treatments, but the persistent dry cough remains a distinctive and notable issue specific to this class of