In the context of hypertension, what does the term ‘hypertensive emergency’ refer to?

The term ‘hypertensive emergency’ specifically refers to a situation characterized by a severe increase in blood pressure that results in acute damage to target organs. This condition is critical because it involves systolic blood pressure typically exceeding 180 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure exceeding 120 mmHg, accompanied by signs of organ dysfunction. Conditions commonly associated with hypertensive emergencies include hypertensive encephalopathy, acute kidney injury, pulmonary edema, and aortic dissection, among others.

In this context, an individual experiencing a hypertensive emergency requires immediate medical intervention to lower their blood pressure and prevent further damage. Recognizing the severity of this condition is essential for timely treatment and can help avert significant morbidity or mortality associated with prolonged high blood pressure and related complications.