A patient on magnesium sulfate becomes unresponsive. What is the correct immediate action?

When a patient on magnesium sulfate becomes unresponsive, the immediate action is to administer calcium gluconate. Magnesium sulfate can lead to toxicity, characterized by symptoms such as respiratory depression, hypotension, and altered mental status, including unresponsiveness. Calcium gluconate acts as an antidote for magnesium toxicity, effectively counteracting the physiological effects of elevated magnesium levels.

Administering calcium gluconate helps stabilize neuromuscular and cardiovascular function, as high levels of magnesium can impair calcium availability and result in neuromuscular blockade. By providing calcium, it can help restore normal neuromuscular transmission and cardiac function, which is critical in a situation where the patient is unresponsive and potentially experiencing life-threatening complications. This action is vital in managing magnesium toxicity and ensuring the safety and well-being of the patient.